教师招聘考试之英语教材教法题解析

2014教师招考

一、单项选择

A well written composition __A__good choice of words and clear organization among other things.
A. calls for B. calls on C. calls up D. calls off

【难点】call for意为“要求，需要”;call on意为“号召，请求”;call up意为“使人想起” ;call off意为“取消，停止做”。

二、翻译

Any discussion of the American educational system would be less than complete if it did not mention the emphasis that many colleges and universities place upon the nonacademic, social,“extracurricular”aspect of education, often defined as personal growth.

译文：如果对美国教育体系的讨论未能涉及许多学院及大学教育中非学术性的、社会的及“课程外”的方面，即其对个性成长的重视，那么这种讨论就不全面。
解析
【】该句子是含条件状语从句的主从复合句。句子的主干是：Any discussion … would be less than complete。If条件从句翻译时应前置，其中代词it指代主句主语Any discussion …。条件句中又含有that引导的定语从句修饰the emphasis。定语从句的主干是：… universities place (emphasis) upon the … education,句子最后的分词结构(which is) defined as personal growth是前面名词短语the nonacademic, social,“extracurricular”aspect of education的后置定语。由于名词短语中已含有多个形容词做定语，因此，句末的后置定语应采用拆译法，译成同位语。
词汇方面：place emphasis upon (sth.)强调，重视; extracurricular课外的，业余的，extra-前缀意为“在外，外面”; personal growth个人成长。

三、完型填空

Who designed (设计) the first helicopter (直升飞机)? Who __1__ of the most famous pictures in the world? Who knew more about the human body than most __2__? There is an answer __3__ all these questions --- Leonardo de Vinci (达芬奇).
Leonardo may have been the greatest genius (天才) __4__ have ever known. He lived in Italy around the year 1500, but many of his inventions seem modern to us today. For example, one of his notebooks has drawings of a helicopter. Of course, he couldn’t __5__ a helicopter with the things he had. But scientists say his idea would have worked.
But Leonardo __6__ an inventor. He was one of the greatest artists of his day. By the time he was twenty years old, he was called a master ( 大师) painter, and as he got older he became __7__ more famous. Sometimes he drew a hand ten different ways __8__ he was ready to paint.
Many of Leonardo’s wonderful paintings are still with __9__ today. You may know one of his most famous works the __10__ woman known as the Mona Lisa.

1. A.took B.made C.painted D.invented
2. A.artists B.doctors C.painters D.people
3. A.to B.of C.for D.from
4. A.the scientists B.the artists C.the world D.people
5. A.draw B.paint C.work D.build
6. A.was just B.wasn’t just C.wasn’t D.was no longer
7. A.less B.no C.even D.very
8. A.before B.after C.because D.when
9. A.him B.us C.them D.you
10. A.interesting B.crying C.smiling D.surprising


【答案及解析】


1.C。为了引出话题人物——达·芬奇，这里引用了设问手法，问题应表示“是谁画了世界上最著名的画”，故选择动词painted。
》》考生必读
2.B。对人体比较了解的莫过于医生了，将达·芬奇与医生相比才能显示其对人体的精通。故选择doctors。
3.A。介词to常表示一一对应的关系，“问题的答案”习惯表达为an answer to a question。
4.D。达·芬奇应是世人所知道的天才中最伟大的人，the world 一般指每个人，相当于第三人称单数，故people为正确选项。
5.D。draw和paint不合文意, work为不及物动词，不能直接接宾语。在那个时代，达·芬奇所不能做的应是制造飞机，故选择build。
6.B。这一句起承上启下的作用，意为“达·芬奇不仅仅是一名发明家”，故选择 wasn’t just。
7.C。less和no不合文章，very不能用来修饰比较级，而even常用来修饰比较级，意为“甚至更……”，故为正确选项。
8.A。为了使自己的画达到最高境界，应在画这幅画之前去尝试不同的画法，所以应选before。
9.B。达·芬奇的画今天依然保存在世，为本文作者以及读者所共享，所以应选us。
10.C。达·芬奇的名作——Mona Lisa以画中人物面部神秘的微笑而名扬天下，故选smiling。